Comprehensive musculoskeletal care is essential at any age

27. 3. 2025
Physiotherapy care involves patients of different ages. While adults are motivated to actively address their health problems, for children it is crucial to engage them and guide them properly towards movement. Back pain, joint problems, improper movement patterns or the effects of injuries and surgeries are most often addressed. The examination includes a comprehensive diagnosis of the musculoskeletal system and subsequent individual therapy, including specialized methods such as dynamic neuromuscular stabilization or robotic rehabilitation. MUDr. Ingrid Štefánková will present the activities of the outpatient clinic of physiotherapy balneology and medical rehabilitation.
Comprehensive musculoskeletal care is essential at any age

What age group of patients are you treating? Do you also work with children?

I mainly deal with adult patients of all ages, but my clinic is also commonly visited by school children (i.e. from about 6 years of age) and especially teenagers.

 

In your profession, what is the difference between caring for an adult and a child?

An adult comes to the outpatient clinic with the aim of being helped. He or she is motivated to exercise, modify lifestyle and follow a regimen. A child comes accompanied by a parent, often doesn't understand the situation, and needs to be able to engage and win them over - even in a playful way at a younger age. For younger children, it is advisable to involve the parents, who can set an example for the children when exercising. In order not to get bored, it is a good idea to alternate different physical activities. The child's achievements should always be rewarded so that he or she is motivated to continue. Exercise should become a natural part of the child's life.

 

What diagnoses do you see most often?

A wide range of patients come to my clinic. I deal with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of various conditions and diseases. Most often, these are patients with vertebrogenic problems, back pain from various causes - whether they are functional changes with muscle imbalances, incorrect movement stereotypes, incorrect posture, to structural changes with damaged intervertebral discs, or degenerative changes. Orthopedic patients come in with joint problems - knees, hips, shoulders, elbows. They often have problems with their feet - halluxes, spurs on the heels, Achilles. The outpatient clinic is also visited by patients after surgeries - e.g. after arthroscopy of the knee, shoulder, after implantation of a total endoprosthesis (hip joint, knee joint), but also after hand surgeries, after various injuries, or they come for advice before a planned surgery. Among rheumatology patients, we deal with disabilities of large as well as small joints (e.g. hands with the development of deformities), where the application of physical treatments can slow down the progression of the disease and relieve the discomfort. As I mentioned above, the outpatient clinic is also visited by pediatric patients, in whom we mainly deal with incorrect posture, scoliosis, flat feet, incorrect movement habits, or overload in unilateral sports, or injuries.  In athletes, we try to correct incorrect movement stereotypes so that excessive movement loads do not lead to injuries, pulled muscles and accidents. I offer comprehensive care aimed at improving the health and quality of life of my patients. My goal is not only to heal, but also to help prevent problems, motivating people to lead active lives.

 

How is the examination in your clinic? What do you focus on during the examination?

At the beginning, a detailed medical history is taken, where I find out the difficulties the patient comes with, as well as the associated diagnoses the patient has or the diseases they have overcome. I evaluate the results of the examinations. Important data are also about the daily activity, whether the patient sits most of the day or performs a unilaterally burdensome activity, whether he plays sports, what sports he does. After the history is taken, the actual examination of the musculoskeletal system in different positions (standing, sitting, supine, prone, supine, or other positions) follows. In addition to the static examination, I also assess the dynamics of movement, the correctness of individual movement stereotypes, the activity of the deep stabilisation system and posture. Already during the examination the patient is corrected and guided, given basic information about appropriate movement stereotypes and habits. After a comprehensive examination, the evaluation of the movement system disorders is always informed to the patient. Subsequently, a rehabilitation program is designed, and the patient is educated about the regimen.  After the rehabilitation procedures are completed, a follow-up examination is performed to assess the patient's condition, supplement or modify the procedures as necessary, or terminate the rehabilitation. In the long term, I recommend appropriate sporting activities or limitations resulting from his diagnosis. I issue vouchers for medical devices or a proposal for spa treatment as needed.

 

How do you most often help your patients? What methods do you use in treatment?

In my work I use myoskeletal medicine techniques, soft techniques, mobilizations, traction, in algic (algic conditions - painful conditions) patients the application of biodermal threads.

As a certified DNS therapist, I utilize the principles of DNS - Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization. The goal of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization is proper centration in the individual segments of the musculoskeletal system, coordination and stabilization. DNS is effective in the treatment of spinal problems, joint problems, muscle imbalances, sports injuries. Maintaining proper stabilization and coordination of movement helps prevent injuries in daily activities and sports performance. I indicate physical therapy (electrotherapy, magnetotherapy, ultrasound, laser, shock wave and more). I recommend robotic rehabilitation to restore motor function in more severe patients.

 

Does your practice have any special equipment that you would like to show off?

For patients with serious musculoskeletal disorders with limited mobility, reduced muscle strength, or gait and stability problems (mainly neurological or orthopaedic patients, after strokes, sclerosis multiplex, after injuries, surgeries, ...), I take advantage of the possibilities of robotic rehabilitation that our clinic offers. Robotic devices allow patients to perform a large number of movements in a short time, which makes it possible to perform exercises more intensively and thus significantly improve motor function, improve range of motion, muscle strength and coordination. It is particularly effective for patients with gait impairment and instability. Robotic systems provide patients with immediate feedback on their performance, helping them to better focus and improve their technique. They are particularly effective for patients who need intensive, repetitive therapy and benefit from precise and controlled rehabilitation.

 

What is most important to you in the patient treatment process?

The most important thing is open communication and an individual approach to each patient. In the long term, educating the patient about physical activities, regimen measures and sports activities is important.